Features of calculating fire risk at industrial facilities taking into account the dispersion (drift) of a cloud of fuel-air mixture
Abstract
Fire risk calculation taking into account the dispersion of the fuel-air mixture (FAM) cloud is an important tool for improving safety at hazardous industrial facilities (HIFs), protecting personnel and property of the operating organization. Fires at HIFs pose a significant threat to human life and material assets, and their consequences can be aggravated by weather conditions, such as wind, which contributes to the spread of combustion. The article discusses the features of calculating the fire risk at HIFs associated with possible accidents caused by the spread of FA taking into account the dispersion (drift) of the FA cloud. The article focuses on calculation methods that take into account the dynamics of dispersion and drift of the FA cloud in the atmosphere. Factors such as the direction of FA cloud propagation, meteorological conditions, geometry of the production space and the characteristics of the substance itself are analyzed. Existing methods for calculating fire risk that do not take into account the effect of wind on the formation of explosive FA zones are considered. It is shown that in the presence of wind, the fuel assembly cloud shifts from the epicenter of the spill, which leads to a change in the fire risk zones. A formula for assessing the fire risk is proposed, taking into account the "wind rose" for a specific region of the Russian Federation. The approach to calculation proposed in the article (according to the accident scenario: depressurization of tank equipment followed by a spill of the liquid phase on an open site) will allow more accurate prediction of potential hazard zones and more correct development of measures to prevent and minimize the consequences of possible accidents at hazardous production facilities. The results of the study can be useful for specialists in the field of fire safety, design of hazardous production facilities and development of regulatory documents.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Vladislav S. Gasilov, Yuldash I. Sagitdinov, Liaisan I. Khairullina and Oksana A. Tuchkova
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