Biomonitoring of Dioxins-Contaminated Environment in the Landfill Vicinity: to Minimize Human Health Risks
Abstract
The article presents the results of substantiation and testing a methodological base for implementation of measures aimed at minimizing the harmful effects on the environment and public health caused by dioxin emissions produced by primitive landfills of production and consumption waste. This methodology is based on biomonitoring of environment-mediated effects of dioxins on small mammals from natural populations, coupled with primary forecast of levels of general toxicity expected for humans caused by congeners accumulated in the animal tissues. Comparison of the results of measurements of dioxins levels in the environment and tissues of its inhabitants for two different testing sites – the ecocide areas in Vietnam and in the vicinity of the Salaryevo landfill (Novomoskovsky Administrative District, Russia) showed that the inhabitants of the areas selected for testing in Vietnam and Russia could experience long-term environment-mediated chronic exposure to low doses of dioxins (including tetrachlorodibenzodioxins, TCDD). The average and median values of the indicators of the TCDD content and the total amount of dioxins in the tissues of the examined animals from the vicinity of the landfill are found to be even higher than that in the tissues of the currently living Vietnamese peasants. It is proposed to turn to account the widespread species of small mammals inhabiting the studied territories as a practically available biological model for studying the general patterns of dioxin accumulation under conditions of chronic exposure of living organisms to low doses of the ecotoxicants.
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