Effect of ionizing radiation and temperature on liquid organic fuels
Abstract
A fuel ability to maintain its characteristics under operating conditions is of great practical importance, including operating under exposure to elevated temperatures and various types of radiation, because of the danger of fuel with unstable properties. The paper presents results of studying effects of gamma radiation and temperature on changes in physicochemical properties of three types of liquid organic fuel – AI-92 gasoline, AI-95 gasoline and diesel fuel obtained from Azerbaijani oils. Laboratory studies have been carried out on 60Сo gamma source at a dose rate of P = 0.18 Gy/s at absorbed doses of D = 15–150 kGy in the temperature range from 50 to 250°C. Gamma radiolysis of gasoline and diesel fuel results in formation of gaseous products, mainly, hydrogen and C2–C7 hydrocarbon fractions. The average radiation-chemical yields of gases formed in the course of gamma radiolysis of AI-92 gasoline and diesel fuel at room temperature in the studied range of absorbed doses are calculated. The initial and irradiated samples of AI-95 gasoline are analyzed with the help of Zeltex ZX-440 XL express analyzer, and an obvious deterioration in technical characteristics of the fuel is found, especially after 4 months of its storage after irradiation. The most likely occurring chemical reactions in the fuel under the influence of the irradiation and temperature are dehydrogenation and free radical chain reactions, which can lead to polymerization and formation of undesirable chemical compounds, which can result in significant impairing of the liquid fuel performance.
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